focus

英 ['fəʊkəs]美 ['fokəs]
  • n. 焦点；中心；清晰；焦距
  • vt. 使集中；使聚焦
  • vi. 集中；聚焦；调节焦距
  • n. (Focus)人名；(瑞典)福库斯
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中文词源

focus 焦点

来自拉丁语focus, 火炉，引申词义家，集中点。在1604年德国数学家Johannes Kepler用该词来指数学意义上的聚焦。进一步可能来自PIE*bhe, 照明，发光，词源同beacon.

英文词源

focus
focus: [17] Latin focus meant ‘fireplace’, and in post-classical times it came to be used for ‘fire’ itself – hence French feu, Italian fuoco, Spanish fuego, all meaning ‘fire’, and hence too the English derivatives fuel and fusillade. The first writer known to have used it in its modern sense ‘point of convergence’ was the German astronomer Johannes Kepler, in 1604, but the reason for his choice of word is not clear.

It may have been some metaphorical notion of the ‘hearth’ symbolizing the ‘centre of the home’, but it has also been suggested that it may have been preceded and inspired by the use of focus for the ‘burning point’ of a mirror (not actually recorded until somewhat later). The philosopher Thomas Hobbes appears to have introduced the term into English, in 1656. A medieval Latin derivative of focus was focārius, from which French got foyer ‘hearth, home’, borrowed by English in the 19th century for a public entrance hall or lobby.
=> foyer, fuel, fusillade
focus (n.)
1640s, "point of convergence," from Latin focus "hearth, fireplace" (also, figuratively, "home, family"), which is of unknown origin. Used in post-classical times for "fire" itself; taken by Kepler (1604) in a mathematical sense for "point of convergence," perhaps on analogy of the burning point of a lens (the purely optical sense of the word may have existed before Kepler, but it is not recorded). Introduced into English 1650s by Hobbes. Sense transfer to "center of activity or energy" is first recorded 1796.
focus (v.)
1775 in optics, "bring into focus" (transitive); 1807 in the figurative sense, from focus (n.). Intransitive use by 1864, originally in photography. Related: Focused; focusing; less commonly focussed; focussing.

双语例句

1. In the background, in soft focus, we see his smiling wife.
在背景部分，我们可以看到他妻子面带微笑的蒙影像。
来自柯林斯例句
2. Their talks are expected to focus on arms control.
他们的会谈预计会集中讨论军备控制问题。
来自柯林斯例句
3. These issues were brought into sharp focus by the Gulf crisis.
海湾危机让这些问题备受关注。
来自柯林斯例句
4. Today he was able to focus his message exclusively on the economy.
今天他得以将主题全部集中在经济方面。
来自柯林斯例句
5. They focus on overt discrimination rather than insidious aspects of racism.
他们关注的是公开的歧视，而不是种族主义的一些潜在问题。
来自柯林斯例句