leave

英 [liːv]美 [liv]
  • vt. 离开；留下；遗忘；委托
  • vi. 离开，出发；留下
  • n. 许可，同意；休假
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助记提示

谐音“离吾”。

中文词源

leave 许可，准假，辞别

来自PIE*leubh,关心，爱，许可，词源同love,believe.引申词义许可，批准，准假。

leave 丢下，遗赠，离开

来自PIE*leip,粘附，停留，油脂，词源同lipid,live,relinquish.其原义为留下，留在后面，保持，后来词义戏剧性的指离开，可能是受leave(请假，辞别)的影响。

英文词源

leave
leave: [OE] English has two distinct words leave. The noun, meaning ‘permission’, comes from a prehistoric West Germanic *laubā, which was derived from a root meaning ‘pleasure, approval’ (other English words from the same source include believe and love). It passed semantically through ‘be well disposed to’ to ‘trust’ (a sense preserved in the related believe, and also in the cognate German glauben ‘believe’), and from there to ‘permit’.

The verb leave ‘go away’ comes from a prehistoric Germanic *laibjan ‘remain’. It has been speculated that this is related ultimately to various Indo-European words for ‘sticky substances’ or ‘stickiness’ (Sanskrit lipta- ‘sticky’, for instance, and Greek lípos ‘grease’, source of English lipid [20]), and that its underlying meaning is ‘remaining stuck’, hence ‘staying in a place’.

The sense ‘remain’ survived into English, but it died out in the 16th century, leaving as its legacy the secondary causative sense ‘cause to remain’. The apparently opposite sense ‘go away’, which emerged in the 13th century, arose from viewing the action of the verb from the point of view of the person doing the leaving rather than of the thing being left. The related German bleiben, which incorporates the prefix bi-, still retains the sense ‘remain’.

Other related English words, distant and close respectively, are eclipse and eleven.
=> believe, love; eclipse, eleven, lipid, twelve
leave (v.)
Old English læfan "to let remain; remain; have left; bequeath," from Proto-Germanic *laibijan (cognates: Old Frisian leva "to leave," Old Saxon farlebid "left over"), causative of *liban "remain," (source of Old English belifan, German bleiben, Gothic bileiban "to remain"), from root *laf- "remnant, what remains," from PIE *leip- "to stick, adhere;" also "fat."

The Germanic root has only the sense "remain, continue," which also is in Greek lipares "persevering, importunate." But this usually is regarded as a development from the primary PIE sense of "adhere, be sticky" (compare Lithuanian lipti, Old Church Slavonic lipet "to adhere," Greek lipos "grease," Sanskrit rip-/lip- "to smear, adhere to." Seemingly contradictory meaning of "depart" (early 13c.) comes from notion of "to leave behind" (as in to leave the earth "to die;" to leave the field "retreat").
leave (n.)
"permission," Old English leafe "leave, permission, license," dative and accusative of leaf "permission," from Proto-Germanic *lauba (cognates: Old Norse leyfi "permission," Old Saxon orlof, Old Frisian orlof, German Urlaub "leave of absence"), from PIE *leubh- "to care, desire, love, approve" (see love (n.)). Cognate with Old English lief "dear," the original idea being "approval resulting from pleasure." Compare love, believe. In military sense, it is attested from 1771.

双语例句

1. It got to the point where he had to leave.
到了他不得不走的地步。
来自柯林斯例句
2. One more question and I'll leave you in peace.
再问一个问题，我就不打扰你了。
来自柯林斯例句
3. I had to admire David's vow that he would leave the programme.
戴维发誓要离开这个项目，我不得不对他表示钦佩。
来自柯林斯例句
4. Our cars get blocked in and we can't leave for ages.
我们的车被堵在里面，要等很久才能走。
来自柯林斯例句
5. I do hope you'll forgive me but I've got to leave.
我真的非常抱歉，我得走了。
来自柯林斯例句